Test Review – The Universe and Galaxies

This review is for your reference, do NOT turn this in.  Keep this completed review in your notebook for future reference.

  1. Who conceptualized the Big Bang Theory?  What did he observe?

 

 

  1.   What did the astronomers Arno Penzias and Robert Wilson discover in 1964?

 

 

  1.   What is the Big Bang?  How many years ago was it?

 

 

  1.   What are the major supporting evidences for the Big Bang?  Give at least three.

a.

 

 

b.

 

 

c.

 

 

  1.   What is a Cepheid Variable?

 

 

  1.   How do scientists find the distance from earth to other galaxies using Cepheid variables?

 

 

7.        How does a refracting telescope magnify images?

 

 

8.        What are the limitations of a refracting telescope?

 

 

9.        How does a reflecting telescope magnify images?

 

 

10.    What is the main limitation of land based telescopes?

 

 

11.    Why is it impossible and unnecessary to put radio telescopes in space?

 

 

12.    Why do astronomers need telescopes that “see” outside of the visible range?

 

13.    What is spectroscopy?

 

 

14.    What is the difference between diffraction and refraction?

 

 

15.    Describe an everyday example of refraction.

 

 

16.    What is the Doppler Effect?

 

 

17.    What is red-shift?  Blue-shift?

 

 

18.    How fast does light travel?

 

 

19.    List and describe the components of the Electromagnetic spectrum.

 

 

20.    True or False:  The shorter the wavelength of light, the more energy it carries.

 

21.    True or False:  Microwave radiation is higher in energy than visible light.

 

22.    True or False:  Electrons within the atom give off energy in discrete (quantum) units when they move from a higher energy level to a lower one.

 

23.    Why do different forms of matter emit or absorb different amounts and/or “kinds” of light?

 

 

24.    How do astronomers determine the composition of distant stars?

 

 

25.    True or False:  A MMT can be built much bigger than a regular reflecting telescope.

 

26.    What is a CCD?

 

 

27.    What is absolute magnitude?

 

 

28.    What is apparent magnitude?

 

29.    If a star’s apparent magnitude is the same as its absolute magnitude, how far away is it?

 

 

30.    What can we say about a star’s distance if its apparent magnitude is 1.3 and its absolute magnitude is –1.3?

 

 

31.    What is parallax?

 

 

32.   What are the limitations of using parallax?

 

 

 

33.  What is a light year?

 

 

34.   What is an AU?

 

 

35.  What is a parsec?

 

 

36.  Name and describe three types of galaxies.

a.

 

                        b.

                                   

                        c.

 

37.  What is the difference between an active and normal galaxy?

 

 

 

38.  How big is the Milky Way galaxy? What type of galaxy is the Milky Way?